Employment and Unemployment Survey, EUS 2009
Jordan, 2009
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Reference ID
JOR_EUS_2009_HD_V1
Producer(s)
Economic Research Forum, Department of Statistics
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Mar 12, 2015
Last modified
Sep 18, 2016
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Identification
Survey ID
JOR_EUS_2009_HD_V1
Title
Employment and Unemployment Survey, EUS 2009
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Jordan | JOR |
Study type
Labor Force Survey [hh/lfs]
Series information
A quarterly survey collected by the Department of Statistics (DOS) of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Abstract
<p style="border:solid thin black;"> THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS OF THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN</p>
The Department of Statistics (DOS) carried out four rounds of the 2009 Employment and Unemployment Survey (EUS) during February, May, August and November 2009. The survey rounds covered a total sample of about fifty three thousand households Nation-wide. The sampled households were selected using a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling design. It is noteworthy that the sample represents the national level (Kingdom), governorates, the three Regions (Central, North and South), and the urban/rural areas.
The importance of this survey lies in that it provides a comprehensive data base on employment and unemployment that serves decision makers, researchers as well as other parties concerned with policies related to the organization of the Jordanian labor market.
It is worthy to mention that the DOS employed new technology in data collection and data processing. Data was collected using electronic questionnaire instead of a hard copy, namely a hand held device (PDA).
The survey main objectives are:
- To identify the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population and manpower.
- To identify the occupational structure and economic activity of the employed persons, as well as their employment status.
- To identify the reasons behind the desire of the employed persons to search for a new or additional job.
- To measure the economic activity participation rates (the number of economically active population divided by the population of 15+ years old).
- To identify the different characteristics of the unemployed persons.
- To measure unemployment rates (the number of unemployed persons divided by the number of economically active population of 15+ years old) according to the various characteristics of the unemployed, and the changes that might take place in this regard.
- To identify the most important ways and means used by the unemployed persons to get a job, in addition to measuring durations of unemployment for such persons.
- To identify the changes overtime that might take place regarding the above-mentioned variables.
The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing labor force surveys in several Arab countries.
The Department of Statistics (DOS) carried out four rounds of the 2009 Employment and Unemployment Survey (EUS) during February, May, August and November 2009. The survey rounds covered a total sample of about fifty three thousand households Nation-wide. The sampled households were selected using a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling design. It is noteworthy that the sample represents the national level (Kingdom), governorates, the three Regions (Central, North and South), and the urban/rural areas.
The importance of this survey lies in that it provides a comprehensive data base on employment and unemployment that serves decision makers, researchers as well as other parties concerned with policies related to the organization of the Jordanian labor market.
It is worthy to mention that the DOS employed new technology in data collection and data processing. Data was collected using electronic questionnaire instead of a hard copy, namely a hand held device (PDA).
The survey main objectives are:
- To identify the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population and manpower.
- To identify the occupational structure and economic activity of the employed persons, as well as their employment status.
- To identify the reasons behind the desire of the employed persons to search for a new or additional job.
- To measure the economic activity participation rates (the number of economically active population divided by the population of 15+ years old).
- To identify the different characteristics of the unemployed persons.
- To measure unemployment rates (the number of unemployed persons divided by the number of economically active population of 15+ years old) according to the various characteristics of the unemployed, and the changes that might take place in this regard.
- To identify the most important ways and means used by the unemployed persons to get a job, in addition to measuring durations of unemployment for such persons.
- To identify the changes overtime that might take place regarding the above-mentioned variables.
The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing labor force surveys in several Arab countries.
Kind of data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of analysis
1- Household/family.
2- Individual/person.
2- Individual/person.
Version
Version
V1.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
Version date
2015-02
Version notes
All documentation available for the original survey provided by the Statistical Agency, and for the harmonized datasets produced by the Economic Research Forum, are published, along with a copy of all occupations and economic activities used during the harmonization process.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
Scope
Notes
Household: Includes geographical characteristics, household composition, LFS classification of household members, head's and spouse's characteristics, dwelling characteristics and ownership of durables.
Individual: Includes demographics, nationality and immigration, education, current labor status, main, secondary and last held job characteristics, wages and incomes, unemployment characteristics and inactivity reason(s).
Individual: Includes demographics, nationality and immigration, education, current labor status, main, secondary and last held job characteristics, wages and incomes, unemployment characteristics and inactivity reason(s).
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Demographics | ERF |
| Education | ERF |
| Nationality and immigration | ERF |
| Labor Force | ERF |
| Employment | ERF |
| Unemployment | ERF |
| Wages and incomes | ERF |
Coverage
Geographic coverage
Covering a sample representative on the national level (Kingdom), governorates, the three Regions (Central, North and South), and the urban/rural areas.
Universe
The survey covered a national sample of households and all individuals permanently residing in surveyed households.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | |
| Department of Statistics | The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan |
Sampling
Sampling procedure
<p style="border:solid thin black;"> THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS OF THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN</p>
Survey Frame
=========
The sample of this survey is based on the frame provided by the data of the Population and Housing Census, 2004. The Kingdom was divided into strata, where each city with a population of 100,000 persons or more was considered as a large city.
The total number of these cities is 6. Each governorate (except for the 6 large cities) was divided into rural and urban areas. The rest of the urban areas in each governorate was considered as an independent stratum. The same was applied to rural areas where it was considered as an independent stratum. The total number of strata was 30.
In view of the existing significant variation in the socio-economic characteristics in large cities in particular and in urban in general, each stratum of the large cities and urban strata was divided into four sub-stratum according to the socio- economic characteristics provided by the population and housing census with the purpose of providing homogeneous strata.
The frame excludes the population living in remote areas (most of whom are nomads). In addition to that, the frame does not include collective dwellings, such as hotels, hospitals, work camps, prisons and alike.
Sample Design
=========
The sample of this survey was designed, using the two-stage cluster stratified sampling method. The main sample was designed in 2009 based on the data of the population and housing census 2004 for carrying out household surveys. The sample is representative on the Kingdom, rural-urban regions and governorates levels. The total sample size for each round was 1336 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) (clusters). These units were distributed to urban and rural regions in the governorates, in addition to the large cities in each governorate according to the weight of persons and households, and according to the variance within each stratum. Slight modifications regarding the number of these units were made to cope with the multiple of 8, the number of clusters for four rounds was 5344.
The main sample consists of 40 replicates, each replicate consists of 167 PSUs. For the purpose of each round, eight replicates of the main sample were used. The PSUs were ordered within each stratum according to geographic characteristics and then according to socio-economic characteristics in order to ensure good spread of the sample. Then, the sample was selected on two stages. In the first stage, the PSUs were selected using the Probability Proportionate to Size with systematic selection procedure. The number of households in each PSU served as its weight or size. In the second stage, the blocks of the PSUs (cluster) which were selected in the first stage have been updated. Then a constant number of households (10 households) was selected, using the random systematic sampling method as final PSUs from each PSU (cluster).
More information on the distribution of the number of PSUs, and the number of households by regions and governorates is available in Table 1 (Page 3) of the survey report provided among the disseminated survey materials under a file named "Jordan 2009- EUS Report (English).pdf".
Sampling notes
=========
It is noteworthy that the sample of the present survey does not represent the non-Jordanian population, due to the fact that it is based on households living in conventional dwellings. In other words, it does not cover the collective households living in collective dwellings. Therefore, the non-Jordanian households covered in the present survey are either private households or collective households living in conventional dwellings. In Jordan, it is well known that a large number of non-Jordanian workers live as groups and spend most of their time at their work places. Hence, it is more unlikely to find them at their residences during daytime (i.e. the time when the data of the survey is collected). Furthermore, most of them live in their work places, such as: workshops, sales stores, guard places, or under construction building's sites. Such places are not classified as occupied dwellings for household sampling purposes. Due to all of the above, the coverage of such population would not be complete in household surveys.
Survey Frame
=========
The sample of this survey is based on the frame provided by the data of the Population and Housing Census, 2004. The Kingdom was divided into strata, where each city with a population of 100,000 persons or more was considered as a large city.
The total number of these cities is 6. Each governorate (except for the 6 large cities) was divided into rural and urban areas. The rest of the urban areas in each governorate was considered as an independent stratum. The same was applied to rural areas where it was considered as an independent stratum. The total number of strata was 30.
In view of the existing significant variation in the socio-economic characteristics in large cities in particular and in urban in general, each stratum of the large cities and urban strata was divided into four sub-stratum according to the socio- economic characteristics provided by the population and housing census with the purpose of providing homogeneous strata.
The frame excludes the population living in remote areas (most of whom are nomads). In addition to that, the frame does not include collective dwellings, such as hotels, hospitals, work camps, prisons and alike.
Sample Design
=========
The sample of this survey was designed, using the two-stage cluster stratified sampling method. The main sample was designed in 2009 based on the data of the population and housing census 2004 for carrying out household surveys. The sample is representative on the Kingdom, rural-urban regions and governorates levels. The total sample size for each round was 1336 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) (clusters). These units were distributed to urban and rural regions in the governorates, in addition to the large cities in each governorate according to the weight of persons and households, and according to the variance within each stratum. Slight modifications regarding the number of these units were made to cope with the multiple of 8, the number of clusters for four rounds was 5344.
The main sample consists of 40 replicates, each replicate consists of 167 PSUs. For the purpose of each round, eight replicates of the main sample were used. The PSUs were ordered within each stratum according to geographic characteristics and then according to socio-economic characteristics in order to ensure good spread of the sample. Then, the sample was selected on two stages. In the first stage, the PSUs were selected using the Probability Proportionate to Size with systematic selection procedure. The number of households in each PSU served as its weight or size. In the second stage, the blocks of the PSUs (cluster) which were selected in the first stage have been updated. Then a constant number of households (10 households) was selected, using the random systematic sampling method as final PSUs from each PSU (cluster).
More information on the distribution of the number of PSUs, and the number of households by regions and governorates is available in Table 1 (Page 3) of the survey report provided among the disseminated survey materials under a file named "Jordan 2009- EUS Report (English).pdf".
Sampling notes
=========
It is noteworthy that the sample of the present survey does not represent the non-Jordanian population, due to the fact that it is based on households living in conventional dwellings. In other words, it does not cover the collective households living in collective dwellings. Therefore, the non-Jordanian households covered in the present survey are either private households or collective households living in conventional dwellings. In Jordan, it is well known that a large number of non-Jordanian workers live as groups and spend most of their time at their work places. Hence, it is more unlikely to find them at their residences during daytime (i.e. the time when the data of the survey is collected). Furthermore, most of them live in their work places, such as: workshops, sales stores, guard places, or under construction building's sites. Such places are not classified as occupied dwellings for household sampling purposes. Due to all of the above, the coverage of such population would not be complete in household surveys.
Response rates
Sample Coverage
===========
The results of the fieldwork indicated that all sampled households were visited. The number of successfully completed interviews was 49,231, representing 92.1 percent of the total sampled households (53,440).
The findings indicate that the response rate is 96.3 percent, computed by dividing the number of completed questionnaires by the number of expected to be completed interviews that is after excluding the vacant dwellings.
During this survey, some questionnaires were not completed for one or more reasons; (although three callbacks were made) among which some households were closed (representing 2.2 percent of the cases), no eligible respondent was available at the time of the interview, vacant households, visit postponed or refused, and other reasons.
More information on the distribution of interviews and visit results by regions and governorates is available in Table 2 (Page 4) of the survey report provided among the disseminated survey materials under a file named “Jordan 2009- EUS Report (English).pdf”.
===========
The results of the fieldwork indicated that all sampled households were visited. The number of successfully completed interviews was 49,231, representing 92.1 percent of the total sampled households (53,440).
The findings indicate that the response rate is 96.3 percent, computed by dividing the number of completed questionnaires by the number of expected to be completed interviews that is after excluding the vacant dwellings.
During this survey, some questionnaires were not completed for one or more reasons; (although three callbacks were made) among which some households were closed (representing 2.2 percent of the cases), no eligible respondent was available at the time of the interview, vacant households, visit postponed or refused, and other reasons.
More information on the distribution of interviews and visit results by regions and governorates is available in Table 2 (Page 4) of the survey report provided among the disseminated survey materials under a file named “Jordan 2009- EUS Report (English).pdf”.
Survey instrument
Questionnaires
The questionnaire was designed electronically on the PDA and revised by the DOS technical staff. It was finalized upon completion of the training program. The questionnaire is divided into main topics, each containing a clear and consistent group of questions, and designed in a way that facilitates the electronic data entry and verification. The questionnaire includes the characteristics of household members in addition to the identification information, which reflects the administrative as well as the statistical divisions of the Kingdom.
Data collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2009-02-01 | 2009-02-28 | First round |
| 2009-05-01 | 2009-05-31 | Second round |
| 2009-08-01 | 2009-08-31 | Third round |
| 2009-11-01 | 2009-11-30 | Fourth round |
Data Collectors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Directorate of Field Work | Department of Statistics of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan |
Supervision
To conduct the fieldwork, 20 teams were established, each of them was composed of 4 to 5 individuals. Each district had a team, consisting of a supervisor and 3-4 interviewers. The role of the supervisor was to coordinator field data collection activities, supplies and equipment.
Notes on data collection
The Preparatory Stage
=============
This stage included a variety of overlapping operations to prepare the work plan and time-table, timely recruitment and training of the survey staff, and distribution of tasks and work areas. This stage also included the preparation of necessary concepts and definitions; finalization of survey documents such as the instruction manuals for data collection and other related forms; preparation of a system for manual data processing, including the editing, coding systems and manuals; preparation of electronic execution programs and loading the Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) with these programs and data cleaning programs from errors for producing tables, special monitors were designated for checking the collected data. Data was gradually transferred from the PDA to the servers at the DOS main office.
Selection and Training of Staff
==================
The supervisory and executive levels of the survey staff were selected according to their past experience in censuses and surveys, familiarity with geographic areas, and educational qualification. It is noteworthy that all survey staff were university graduates.
The survey administration designed a training plan for the different levels of survey staff before fielding the survey. A classroom-training program was held in the survey headquarters. The program focused on survey objectives, data collection procedures, confidentiality of data, and how to deal with households and overcome difficulties. The program also included a detailed explanation of the questionnaire inputs, concepts and instructions related to data collection and field editing. The staff was trained on supervisory tasks, organization of work, required specific tasks and assignments, sampling method and distribution of work over the Country. The numbering system used for the household national frame and how to locate sampled households were also explained. Then a special training course on how to use PDA for data collection and on how to handle the electronic questionnaire was conducted.
In addition to the above training, further classroom and field practices demonstrated how to fill in the questionnaire using the PDA. Errors emerged from these applications were detected and explained to the field staff.
The field staff was trained for five days:
Round 1 staff was trained at the end of January 2009.
Round 2 staff was trained at the end of April 2009.
Round 3 staff was trained at the end of July 2009.
Round 4 staff was trained at the end of October 2009.
Organization of Field Work
=================
The fieldwork was organized in a way that ensured complete control, accuracy and consistency of field logistics to obtain high quality data.
The sample households were visited and relevant data were collected during February, May, August, and November 2009. The completed questionnaires were edited daily in the field for completeness and consistency and to make sure that all sampled households have been visited.
=============
This stage included a variety of overlapping operations to prepare the work plan and time-table, timely recruitment and training of the survey staff, and distribution of tasks and work areas. This stage also included the preparation of necessary concepts and definitions; finalization of survey documents such as the instruction manuals for data collection and other related forms; preparation of a system for manual data processing, including the editing, coding systems and manuals; preparation of electronic execution programs and loading the Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) with these programs and data cleaning programs from errors for producing tables, special monitors were designated for checking the collected data. Data was gradually transferred from the PDA to the servers at the DOS main office.
Selection and Training of Staff
==================
The supervisory and executive levels of the survey staff were selected according to their past experience in censuses and surveys, familiarity with geographic areas, and educational qualification. It is noteworthy that all survey staff were university graduates.
The survey administration designed a training plan for the different levels of survey staff before fielding the survey. A classroom-training program was held in the survey headquarters. The program focused on survey objectives, data collection procedures, confidentiality of data, and how to deal with households and overcome difficulties. The program also included a detailed explanation of the questionnaire inputs, concepts and instructions related to data collection and field editing. The staff was trained on supervisory tasks, organization of work, required specific tasks and assignments, sampling method and distribution of work over the Country. The numbering system used for the household national frame and how to locate sampled households were also explained. Then a special training course on how to use PDA for data collection and on how to handle the electronic questionnaire was conducted.
In addition to the above training, further classroom and field practices demonstrated how to fill in the questionnaire using the PDA. Errors emerged from these applications were detected and explained to the field staff.
The field staff was trained for five days:
Round 1 staff was trained at the end of January 2009.
Round 2 staff was trained at the end of April 2009.
Round 3 staff was trained at the end of July 2009.
Round 4 staff was trained at the end of October 2009.
Organization of Field Work
=================
The fieldwork was organized in a way that ensured complete control, accuracy and consistency of field logistics to obtain high quality data.
The sample households were visited and relevant data were collected during February, May, August, and November 2009. The completed questionnaires were edited daily in the field for completeness and consistency and to make sure that all sampled households have been visited.
Data processing
Cleaning operations
Raw Data
=======
120 PDA were used to input and transfer data from the interviewees to the database.
The plan of the tabulation of survey results was guided by former Employment and Unemployment Surveys which were previously prepared and tested.
When all data processing procedures were completed, the actual survey results were tabulated using an ORACLE package. The tabulations were then thoroughly checked for consistency of data such as titles, inputs, concepts, as well as the figures.
The final survey report was then prepared to include all detailed tabulations as well as the methodology of the survey.
Harmonized Data
============
- STATA package is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with a cleaning process for all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- All cleaned data files are then merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in STATA and then converted to SPSS, to be disseminated.
=======
120 PDA were used to input and transfer data from the interviewees to the database.
The plan of the tabulation of survey results was guided by former Employment and Unemployment Surveys which were previously prepared and tested.
When all data processing procedures were completed, the actual survey results were tabulated using an ORACLE package. The tabulations were then thoroughly checked for consistency of data such as titles, inputs, concepts, as well as the figures.
The final survey report was then prepared to include all detailed tabulations as well as the methodology of the survey.
Harmonized Data
============
- STATA package is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with a cleaning process for all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- All cleaned data files are then merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in STATA and then converted to SPSS, to be disseminated.
Data appraisal
Estimates of sampling errors
Sampling errors were calculated for the refined activity rate as well as the unemployment rate according to a set of relevant variables using IMPS.
Sampling errors depends on the following levels:
- Kingdom level (total)
- Urban\Rural areas
- Governorates
- Gender
Sampling errors depends on the following levels:
- Kingdom level (total)
- Urban\Rural areas
- Governorates
- Gender
Data Access
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | Economic Research Forum (ERF) | www.erf.org.eg | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg |
Confidentiality
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes |
To access the micro data, researchers are required to register on the ERF website and comply with the data access agreement. The data will be used only for scholarly research, or educational purposes. Users are prohibited from using data acquired from the Economic Research Forum in the pursuit of any commercial or private ventures. |
Access conditions
Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions.
Citation requirement
The users should cite the Economic Research Forum and the Department of Statistics of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan as follows:
OAMDI, 2015. Harmonized Labor Force Surveys (HLFS), http://erf.org.eg/data-portal/. Version 1.0 of Licensed Data Files; EUS 2009 - Department of Statistics (DOS), The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
OAMDI, 2015. Harmonized Labor Force Surveys (HLFS), http://erf.org.eg/data-portal/. Version 1.0 of Licensed Data Files; EUS 2009 - Department of Statistics (DOS), The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Economic Research Forum and the Department of Statistics in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan have granted the researcher access to relevant data following exhaustive efforts to protect the confidentiality of individual data. The researcher is solely responsible for any analysis or conclusions drawn from available data.
Copyright
(c) 2015, Economic Research Forum | (c) 2009, Department of Statistics, The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Contacts
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum (ERF) - 21 Al-Sad Al-Aaly St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Metadata production
Document ID
JOR_EUS_2009_HD_V1
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | Cleaning and harmonizing raw data received from the Statistical Agency |
Date of metadata production
2015-02
Metadata version
Version
Version 1