Expenditure and Consumption Survey, PECS 2009
Palestine, 2009 - 2010
Economic Research Forum, Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
Identification
Survey ID Number
PAL_PECS_2009_HD_V2.0
Title
Expenditure and Consumption Survey, PECS 2009
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Palestine | PAL |
Study type
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey [hh/ies]
Series Information
Expenditure and Consumption Survey, Round 10 is the tenth round of PECS surveys.
Previously, The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) conducted a household expenditure and consumption survey for the first time between 1/10/1995 and 30/9/1996.
PCBS then conducted a series of surveys on the following dates:
- A second survey (PECS 1997) between 1/1/1997 and 31/1/1997.
- A third survey (PECS 1998) between 1/1/1998 and 31/1/1998.
- A fourth survey (PECS 2001) between 15/3/2001 and 14/3/2002.
- A fifth survey (PECS 2004) between 15/1/2004 and 14/1/2005.
- A sixth survey (PECS 2005) between 15/1/2005 and 14/1/2006.
- A seventh survey (PECS 2006) between 15/1/2006 and 14/1/2007.
- An eighth survey (PECS 2007) between 15/1/2007 and 14/1/2008.
- A ninth survey (PECS 2008) between 15/1/2008 and 14/1/2009.
- And a tenth survey (PECS 2009) between 15/1/2009 and 14/1/2010.
The findings of these surveys constituted a solid database and enabled PCBS to publish detailed statistics on expenditure and consumption.
Previously, The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) conducted a household expenditure and consumption survey for the first time between 1/10/1995 and 30/9/1996.
PCBS then conducted a series of surveys on the following dates:
- A second survey (PECS 1997) between 1/1/1997 and 31/1/1997.
- A third survey (PECS 1998) between 1/1/1998 and 31/1/1998.
- A fourth survey (PECS 2001) between 15/3/2001 and 14/3/2002.
- A fifth survey (PECS 2004) between 15/1/2004 and 14/1/2005.
- A sixth survey (PECS 2005) between 15/1/2005 and 14/1/2006.
- A seventh survey (PECS 2006) between 15/1/2006 and 14/1/2007.
- An eighth survey (PECS 2007) between 15/1/2007 and 14/1/2008.
- A ninth survey (PECS 2008) between 15/1/2008 and 14/1/2009.
- And a tenth survey (PECS 2009) between 15/1/2009 and 14/1/2010.
The findings of these surveys constituted a solid database and enabled PCBS to publish detailed statistics on expenditure and consumption.
Abstract
THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE PALESTINIAN CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
The basic goal of the Household and Consumption Survey is to provide a necessary database for formulating national policies at various levels. This survey provides the contribution of the household sector to the Gross National Product (GNP). It determines the incidence of poverty, and provides weighted data which reflects the relative importance of the consumption items to be employed in determining the benchmark for rates and prices of items and services.
Furthermore, this survey is a fundamental cornerstone in the process of studying the nutritional status in the Palestinian territory.
The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing household surveys in several Arab countries.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
1- Household/family.
2- Individual/person.
2- Individual/person.
Version
Version Description
V1.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V2.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V1.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on the household as well as the individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V2.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V1.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on the household as well as the individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
Production
Date
2014-01
Version Notes
All documentation available for the original survey provided by the Statistical Agency, and for the harmonized datasets produced by the Economic Research Forum, has been published, along with a copy of all international classifications of expenditures, occupations and economic activities used during the harmonization process.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
Scope
Notes
Household: Includes geographic, social, and economic characteristics of households, namely, household composition, dwelling characteristics, ownership of assets indicators, heads' and spouses' characteristics, annual household expenditure and income.
Individual: Includes demographic, migration, education, labor and health characteristics, as well as annual income for household members identified as earners. Moreover, fathers' and mothers' characteristics are generated for household members if possible.
Individual: Includes demographic, migration, education, labor and health characteristics, as well as annual income for household members identified as earners. Moreover, fathers' and mothers' characteristics are generated for household members if possible.
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Poverty | ERF |
| Expenditure | ERF |
| Income | ERF |
| Infrastructure | ERF |
| Education | ERF |
| Labor | ERF |
| Health | ERF |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The survey data covers urban, rural and camp areas in West Bank and Gaza Strip.
Universe
The survey covered all the Palestinian households who are a usual residence in the Palestinian Territory.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | |
| Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | Palestinian National Authority |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| The Palestinian National Authority | PNA | Financial assistance |
| The Core Funding Group | CFG | Financial assistance |
| Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation | SDC | Financial assistance |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name |
|---|
| The Core Funding Group represented by the representative office |
| Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE PALESTINIAN CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
Sample and Frame:
============
The sampling frame consists of all enumeration areas which were enumerated in 2007, each numeration area consists of buildings and housing units with average of about 120 households in it. These enumeration areas are used as primary sampling units PSUs in the first stage of the sampling selection.
Sample Design:
=========
The sample is a stratified cluster systematic random sample with two stages:
First stage: selection of a systematic random sample of 191 enumeration areas.
Second stage: selection of a systematic random sample of 24 households from each enumeration area selected in the first stage.
Note: in Jerusalem Governorate (J1), 13 enumeration areas were selected; then in the second phase, a group of households from each enumeration area were chosen using census-2007 method of delineation and enumeration. This method was adopted to ensure household response is to the maximum to comply with the percentage of non-response as set in the sample design.
Enumeration areas were distributed to twelve months and the sample for each quarter covers sample strata (Governorate, locality type)
Sample strata:
==========
The population was divided by:
1- Governorate
2- Type of Locality (urban, rural, refugee camps)
Sample Size:
========
The calculated sample size for the Expenditure and Consumption Survey in 2009 is about 3,848 households, 2,654 households in West Bank and 1,194 households in Gaza Strip.
Response Rate
The survey sample consists of about 4,699 households of which 3,627 households completed the interview; whereas 2,654 households from the West Bank and 973 households in Gaza Strip. Weights were modified to account for non-response rate. The response rate in the West Bank reached 85.5% while in the Gaza Strip it reached 67%. The response rate in the Palestinian Territory reached 79.57%.
Weighting
The weight of statistical unit (sampling unit) in the sample is defined as the mathematical inverse of the selection probability. The sample of the survey is two stage stratified cluster sample, thus, the weights are calculated for each stage and the Households Weights is the multiplication of the two weights.
First stage weight:
The sample of enumeration areas is selected and the weight is called enumeration area weight (the sampling unit is enumeration area).The weight for enumeration areas from stratum h is calculated by dividing the number of enumeration areas in stratum h on the sample size of enumeration areas in the same stratum h.
Second stage weight:
The sample of households is selected and the weight is called household weight (the sampling unit is household). The weight of the Household from enumeration area (cluster) k is calculated by dividing the number of households in each cluster with the sample size of households within the cluster k.
The primary weights of households before modification is the multiplication of the weights of the first and second stages.
Those primary weights were then adjusted to compensate for the non-response through calculating an adjustment factor for households weights by adjustment levels (Governorate and locality type).The households projections in 2009 by adjustment levels were used.
The final weight for the household (FHW) is then a multiplication of the adjustment factor by the primary weight for the household.
First stage weight:
The sample of enumeration areas is selected and the weight is called enumeration area weight (the sampling unit is enumeration area).The weight for enumeration areas from stratum h is calculated by dividing the number of enumeration areas in stratum h on the sample size of enumeration areas in the same stratum h.
Second stage weight:
The sample of households is selected and the weight is called household weight (the sampling unit is household). The weight of the Household from enumeration area (cluster) k is calculated by dividing the number of households in each cluster with the sample size of households within the cluster k.
The primary weights of households before modification is the multiplication of the weights of the first and second stages.
Those primary weights were then adjusted to compensate for the non-response through calculating an adjustment factor for households weights by adjustment levels (Governorate and locality type).The households projections in 2009 by adjustment levels were used.
The final weight for the household (FHW) is then a multiplication of the adjustment factor by the primary weight for the household.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2009-01-15 | 2010-01-14 | Annual |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
Four teams of female interviewers, three in the West Bank and one in the Gaza Strip carried out data collection. Each team consisted of a supervisor, and 10-20 female interviewers.
All field staff received a training session combining general theoretical and practical components. Interviewers, supervisors and editors for the survey were selected from those who worked on the previous rounds of PECS Surveys. Fieldwork procedures and organization were designed to ensure adequate supervision and the collection of high quality data. To this end, several quality control measures were used throughout fieldwork. An interviewer undertook between 120 and 150 household visits in a month. The households were asked to keep daily records in a diary during their recording month. The interviewer transferred the records in a questionnaire on a weekly basis. Data on durable goods were captured by the recall method for the last 12 months (rounds), in order to avoid large variance in estimates when the one-month approach is used.
All field staff received a training session combining general theoretical and practical components. Interviewers, supervisors and editors for the survey were selected from those who worked on the previous rounds of PECS Surveys. Fieldwork procedures and organization were designed to ensure adequate supervision and the collection of high quality data. To this end, several quality control measures were used throughout fieldwork. An interviewer undertook between 120 and 150 household visits in a month. The households were asked to keep daily records in a diary during their recording month. The interviewer transferred the records in a questionnaire on a weekly basis. Data on durable goods were captured by the recall method for the last 12 months (rounds), in order to avoid large variance in estimates when the one-month approach is used.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | PCBS | Palestinian National Authority |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The PECS questionnaire consists of two main sections:
First section:
Certain articles / provisions of the form filled at the beginning of the month, and the remainder filled out at the end of the month. The questionnaire includes the following provisions:
Cover sheet: It contains detailed and particulars of the family, date of visit, particular of the field/office work team, number/sex of the family members.
Statement of the family members: Contains social, economic and demographic particulars of the selected family.
Statement of the long-lasting commodities and income generation activities:
Includes a number of basic and indispensable items (i.e., Livestock, or agricultural lands).
Housing Characteristics: Includes information and data pertaining to the housing conditions, including type of house, number of rooms, ownership, rent, water, electricity supply, connection to the sewer system, source of cooking and heating fuel, and remoteness/proximity of the house to education and health facilities.
Monthly and Annual Income: Data pertaining to the income of the family is collected from different sources at the end of the registration / recording period.
Assistance and poverty: includes questions about household conditions and assistances that got through the the past month.
Second section:
The second section of the questionnaire includes a list of 55 consumption and expenditure groups itemized and serially numbered according to its importance to the family. Each of these groups contains important commodities. The number of commodities items in each for all groups stood at 667 commodities and services items. Groups 1-21 include food, drink, and cigarettes. Group 22 includes homemade commodities. Groups 23-45 include all items except for food, drink and cigarettes. Groups 50-55 include all of the long-lasting commodities. Data on each of these groups was collected over different intervals of time so as to reflect expenditure over a period of one full year, except the cars group the data of which was collected for three previous years.
These data was abotained from the recording book which is covered a period of month for each household.
First section:
Certain articles / provisions of the form filled at the beginning of the month, and the remainder filled out at the end of the month. The questionnaire includes the following provisions:
Cover sheet: It contains detailed and particulars of the family, date of visit, particular of the field/office work team, number/sex of the family members.
Statement of the family members: Contains social, economic and demographic particulars of the selected family.
Statement of the long-lasting commodities and income generation activities:
Includes a number of basic and indispensable items (i.e., Livestock, or agricultural lands).
Housing Characteristics: Includes information and data pertaining to the housing conditions, including type of house, number of rooms, ownership, rent, water, electricity supply, connection to the sewer system, source of cooking and heating fuel, and remoteness/proximity of the house to education and health facilities.
Monthly and Annual Income: Data pertaining to the income of the family is collected from different sources at the end of the registration / recording period.
Assistance and poverty: includes questions about household conditions and assistances that got through the the past month.
Second section:
The second section of the questionnaire includes a list of 55 consumption and expenditure groups itemized and serially numbered according to its importance to the family. Each of these groups contains important commodities. The number of commodities items in each for all groups stood at 667 commodities and services items. Groups 1-21 include food, drink, and cigarettes. Group 22 includes homemade commodities. Groups 23-45 include all items except for food, drink and cigarettes. Groups 50-55 include all of the long-lasting commodities. Data on each of these groups was collected over different intervals of time so as to reflect expenditure over a period of one full year, except the cars group the data of which was collected for three previous years.
These data was abotained from the recording book which is covered a period of month for each household.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Raw Data
=======
Data editing took place through a number of stages, including:
1. Office editing and coding
2. During data entry
3. Structure checking and completeness
4. Structural checking of SPSS data files
Harmonized Data
============
- The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format.
=======
Data editing took place through a number of stages, including:
1. Office editing and coding
2. During data entry
3. Structure checking and completeness
4. Structural checking of SPSS data files
Harmonized Data
============
- The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format.
Other Processing
Raw Data
==========
Both data entry and tabulation were performed using the ACCESS and SPSS software programs. Data entry was organized in 8 files, corresponding to the main parts of the questionnaire. A data entry template was designed to reflect an exact image of the questionnaire, and included various electronic checks: logical check, range checks, consisting checks and cross-validation. Complete manual inspection of results after data entry was performed, and questionnaires containing field-related errors were sent back to the field for corrections.
==========
Both data entry and tabulation were performed using the ACCESS and SPSS software programs. Data entry was organized in 8 files, corresponding to the main parts of the questionnaire. A data entry template was designed to reflect an exact image of the questionnaire, and included various electronic checks: logical check, range checks, consisting checks and cross-validation. Complete manual inspection of results after data entry was performed, and questionnaires containing field-related errors were sent back to the field for corrections.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
The impact of errors on the data quality was reduced to the minimal due to the high efficiency and outstanding selection, training, and performance of the fieldworkers.
Procedures adopted during the fieldwork of the survey were considered a necessity to ensure the collection of accurate data, notably:
1) Develop schedules to conduct field visits to households during survey fieldwork. The objectives of the visits and the data that is collected on each visit were predetermined.
2) Fieldwork editing rules were applied during the data collection to ensure corrections were implemented before the end of fieldwork activities.
3) Fieldworker were instructed to provide details in case of extreme expenditure or consumption of the household.
4) Postpone the questions on income to the last visit at the end of the month .
5) Validation rules were embedded in the data processing systems along with procedures to verify data entry and data editing.
Procedures adopted during the fieldwork of the survey were considered a necessity to ensure the collection of accurate data, notably:
1) Develop schedules to conduct field visits to households during survey fieldwork. The objectives of the visits and the data that is collected on each visit were predetermined.
2) Fieldwork editing rules were applied during the data collection to ensure corrections were implemented before the end of fieldwork activities.
3) Fieldworker were instructed to provide details in case of extreme expenditure or consumption of the household.
4) Postpone the questions on income to the last visit at the end of the month .
5) Validation rules were embedded in the data processing systems along with procedures to verify data entry and data editing.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | (ERF) | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum (ERF) - 21 Al-Sad Al-Aaly St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Confidentiality
To access the micro data, researchers are required to register on the ERF website and comply with the data access agreement.
The data will be used only for scholarly research, or educational purposes. Users are prohibited from using data acquired from the Economic Research Forum in the pursuit of any commercial or private ventures.
Access conditions
Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions.
Citation requirements
The users should cite the Economic Research Forum and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics as follows::
OAMDI, 2014. Harmonized Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HHIES), http://www.erf.org.eg/cms.php?id=erfdataportal. Version 2.0 of Licensed Data Files; PECS 2009 - Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
OAMDI, 2014. Harmonized Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HHIES), http://www.erf.org.eg/cms.php?id=erfdataportal. Version 2.0 of Licensed Data Files; PECS 2009 - Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Economic Research Forum and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics have granted the researcher access to relevant data following exhaustive efforts to protect the confidentiality of individual data. The researcher is solely responsible for any analysis or conclusions drawn from available data.
Copyright
(c) 2014, Economic Research Forum | (c) 2009, Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
PAL_PECS_2009_HD_V2.0
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | ERF | Cleaning and harmonizing raw data received from the Statistical Agency |
Date of Metadata Production
2014-01
DDI Document version
Version 2.0