Household Expenditure and Income Survey, HEIS 2013
Jordan, 2013 - 2014
Economic Research Forum, Department of Statistics
Identification
Survey ID Number
JOR_2013_HEIS_HD_V4.0
Title
Household Expenditure and Income Survey, HEIS 2013
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Jordan | JOR |
Study type
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey [hh/ies]
Series Information
The Department Of Statistics, since established, conducted a series of Expenditure and Income Surveys during the years 1966, 1980, 1986/1987, 1992, 1997, 2002/2003, 2006/2007, 2008/2009, 2010/2011 and because of continuous changes in spending patterns, income levels and prices, as well as in the population internal and external migration, it was necessary to update data for household income and expenditure over time. Hence, the need to implement the Household Expenditure and Income Survey for the year 2013 arises.
Abstract
THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 25% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS OF THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN
Surveys related to the family budget are considered one of the most important surveys types carried out by the Department Of Statistics, since it provides data on household expenditure and income and their relationship with different indicators. Therefore, most of the countries undertake periodic surveys on household income and expenditures.
The Department Of Statistics, since established, conducted a series of Expenditure and Income Surveys during the years 1966, 1980, 1986/1987, 1992, 1997, 2002/2003, 2006/2007, 2008/2009, 2010/2011 and because of continuous changes in spending patterns, income levels and prices, as well as in the population internal and external migration, it was necessary to update data for household income and expenditure over time. Hence, the need to implement the Household Expenditure and Income Survey for the year 2013 arises.
The survey was then conducted to achieve the following objectives:
1. Provide data on income and expenditure to enable computation of poverty indices and determine the characteristics of the poor and prepare poverty maps.
2. Provide data weights that reflect the relative importance of consumer expenditure items used in the preparation of the consumer price index.
3. Provide the necessary data for the national accounts related to overall consumption and income of the household sector.
4. Provide the data necessary for the formulation, follow-up and evaluation of economic and social development programs, including those addressed to eradicate poverty.
5. Identify consumer spending patterns prevailing in the society, and the impact of demographic, social and economic variables on those patterns.
6. Calculate the average annual income of the household and the individual, and identify the relationship between income and different socio-economic factors, such as profession and educational level of the head of the household and other indicators.
7. Study the distribution of individuals and households by income and expenditure categories and analyze the factors associated with it.
The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing household surveys in several Arab countries.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
1- Household/family.
2- Individual/person.
2- Individual/person.
Version
Version Description
V1.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V2.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V1.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on the household as well as the individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V3.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V2.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on tthe individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V4.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V3.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on tthe individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V2.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V1.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on the household as well as the individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V3.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V2.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on tthe individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
V4.0: A cleaned and a harmonized version of the survey dataset, including all variables in V3.0 in addition to a number of new/detailed-composite coded version of the variables considered essential on tthe individual level, produced by the Economic Research Forum for dissemination.
Production
Date
2022-10
Version Notes
All documentation available for the original survey provided by the Statistical Agency, and for the harmonized datasets produced by the Economic Research Forum, has been published, along with a copy of all international classifications of expenditures, occupations and economic activities used during the harmonization process.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
However, as far as the datasets are concerned, the Economic Research Forum produces and releases only the harmonized versions in both SPSS and STATA formats.
Scope
Notes
Household: Includes geographic, social, and economic characteristics of households, namely, household composition, dwelling characteristics, ownership of assets indicators, heads' and spouses' characteristics, annual household expenditure and income.
Individual: Includes demographic, migration, education, labor and health characteristics, as well as annual income for household members identified as earners. Moreover, fathers' and mothers' characteristics are generated for household members if possible.
Individual: Includes demographic, migration, education, labor and health characteristics, as well as annual income for household members identified as earners. Moreover, fathers' and mothers' characteristics are generated for household members if possible.
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Poverty | ERF |
| Expenditure | ERF |
| Income | ERF |
| Infrastructure | ERF |
| Education | ERF |
| Labor | ERF |
| Health | ERF |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The General Census of Population and Housing in 2004 provided a detailed framework for housing and households for different administrative levels in the Kingdom. Where the Kingdom is administratively divided into 12 governorates, each governorate is composed of a number of districts, each district (Liwa) includes one or more sub-district (Qada). In each sub-district, there are a number of communities (cities and villages).
Each community was divided into a number of blocks. Where in each block, the number of houses ranged between 60 and 100 houses. Nomads, persons living in collective dwellings such as hotels, hospitals and prison were excluded from the survey framework.
Each community was divided into a number of blocks. Where in each block, the number of houses ranged between 60 and 100 houses. Nomads, persons living in collective dwellings such as hotels, hospitals and prison were excluded from the survey framework.
Universe
The survey covered a national sample of households and all individuals permanently residing in surveyed households.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | |
| Department of Statistics | The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 25% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS OF THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN
The Household Expenditure and Income survey sample, for the year 2013, was designed to serve the basic objectives of the survey through providing a relatively large sample in each sub-district to enable drawing a poverty map in Jordan.
A two stage stratified cluster sampling technique was used. In the first stage, a cluster sample proportional to the size was uniformly selected, where the number of households in each cluster was considered the weight of the cluster.
At the second stage, a sample of 10 households was selected from each cluster, in addition to another 5 households selected as a backup for the basic sample, using a systematic sampling technique. Those 5 households were sampled to be used during the first visit to the block in case the visit to the original household selected is not possible for any reason.
For the purposes of this survey, each sub-district was considered a separate stratum to ensure the possibility of producing results on the sub-district level. In this respect, the survey framework adopted that provided by the General Census of Population and Housing Census in dividing the sample strata.
To estimate the sample size, the coefficient of variation and the design effect of the expenditure variable provided in the Household Expenditure and Income Survey for the year 2010 was calculated for each sub-district. These results were used to estimate the sample size on the sub-district level so that the coefficient of variation for the expenditure variable in each sub-district is less than 10%, at a minimum, of the number of clusters in the same sub-district (8 clusters). This is to ensure adequate presentation of clusters in different administrative areas to enable drawing an indicative poverty map.
It should be noted that in addition to the standard non response rate assumed, higher rates were expected in areas where poor households are concentrated in major cities. Therefore, those were taken into consideration during the sampling design phase, and a higher number of households were selected from those areas, aiming at well covering all regions where poverty spreads.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-07-01 | 2014-06-30 | - |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
Preparatory phase
=============
The work on the preparatory phase of the survey began on 1/11/2012, since it is considered the most important stage of the statistical work.
This stage included a number of interlocking and integrated operations that required concerted efforts of all specialists in various stages of the work, and during which the work plan and the timetable were prepared, in addition to selecting qualified human calibers responsible for implementation. Selected person were then given adequate training, their tasks were accurately assigned to them and they were distributed on their work places.
The preparatory work also concerned the survey sample design including the identification of the sample size and the sampling approach. This was followed by the selection of primary sampling units (clusters) , those were later updated in the field to be able to draw the second sampling units (households).The preparation of the concepts used and definitions was done as well during this phase, in addition to processing all the requirements and supplies such as questionnaires, instructions manuals to fill the questionnaire, provide communities maps and lists of buildings and households in these communities, according to the statistical and administrative divisions approved by the Department of Statistics.Data entry, validation and final tabulation programs were also prepared.
Data collection phase
==============
Fieldwork phase concerns visiting all households selected in the survey sample to collect questionnaire data from each household.
The data collection phase covered a full year where the fieldwork started on 1/7/2013 and ended on 30/6/2014.
A program was developed to organize the fieldwork daily tasks for each team, in a way that ensures successfully accomplishing the work required within the time reference period of the survey.
For the convenience of the families, and to minimize the number of visits, the following plan for data collection was followed:
· Data collection of the housing characteristics form was done at the beginning of the first round.
However, items related to the continuity of residence of each member with the family or the arrival of new members to the family were updated at the beginning of the second, third and fourth rounds.
· Data for income by its sources was collected in two phases, once every six months.
· Expenditure on food commodities data was collected for one week in each round, where the family recorded all goods bought by type, quantity and value for each day during the week.
· Expenditure on non-food commodities data was collected on monthly basis at the end of each month.
· Capital transactions data was collected once at the end of the fourth round to cover the entire survey year.
=============
The work on the preparatory phase of the survey began on 1/11/2012, since it is considered the most important stage of the statistical work.
This stage included a number of interlocking and integrated operations that required concerted efforts of all specialists in various stages of the work, and during which the work plan and the timetable were prepared, in addition to selecting qualified human calibers responsible for implementation. Selected person were then given adequate training, their tasks were accurately assigned to them and they were distributed on their work places.
The preparatory work also concerned the survey sample design including the identification of the sample size and the sampling approach. This was followed by the selection of primary sampling units (clusters) , those were later updated in the field to be able to draw the second sampling units (households).The preparation of the concepts used and definitions was done as well during this phase, in addition to processing all the requirements and supplies such as questionnaires, instructions manuals to fill the questionnaire, provide communities maps and lists of buildings and households in these communities, according to the statistical and administrative divisions approved by the Department of Statistics.Data entry, validation and final tabulation programs were also prepared.
Data collection phase
==============
Fieldwork phase concerns visiting all households selected in the survey sample to collect questionnaire data from each household.
The data collection phase covered a full year where the fieldwork started on 1/7/2013 and ended on 30/6/2014.
A program was developed to organize the fieldwork daily tasks for each team, in a way that ensures successfully accomplishing the work required within the time reference period of the survey.
For the convenience of the families, and to minimize the number of visits, the following plan for data collection was followed:
· Data collection of the housing characteristics form was done at the beginning of the first round.
However, items related to the continuity of residence of each member with the family or the arrival of new members to the family were updated at the beginning of the second, third and fourth rounds.
· Data for income by its sources was collected in two phases, once every six months.
· Expenditure on food commodities data was collected for one week in each round, where the family recorded all goods bought by type, quantity and value for each day during the week.
· Expenditure on non-food commodities data was collected on monthly basis at the end of each month.
· Capital transactions data was collected once at the end of the fourth round to cover the entire survey year.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Department of Statistics | DOS | The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
To reach the survey objectives, 3 forms have been developed. Those forms were finalized after being tested and reviewed by specialists taking into account making the data entry, and validation, process on the computer as simple as possible.
(1) General Form/Questionnaire
This form includes:
- Housing characteristics such as geographic location variables, household area, building material predominant for external walls, type of tenure, monthly rent or lease, main source of water, lighting, heating and fuel cooking, sanitation type and water cycle, the number of rooms in the dwelling, in addition to providing ownership status of some home appliances and car.
- Characteristics of household members: This form focused on the social characteristics of the family members such as relation to the head of the family, gender, age and educational status and marital status. It also included economic characteristics such as economic activity, and the main occupation, employment status, and the labor sector. To the additions of questions about individual continued to stay with the family, in order to update the information at the end of each of the four rounds of the survey.
- Income section which included three parts
· Family ownership of assets
· Productive activities for the family
· Current income sources
(2) Expenditure on food commodities form/Questionnaire
This form indicates expenditure data on 17 consumption groups. Each group includes a number of food commodities, with the exception of the latter group, which was confined to some of the non-food goods and services because of their frequent spending pattern on daily basis like food commodities. For the purposes of the efficient use of results, expenditure data of the latter group was moved with the non-food commodities expenditure.
The form also includes estimated amounts of own-produced food items and those received as gifts or in an in-kind form, as well as servants living with the family spending on themselves from their own wages to buy food.
(3) Expenditure on non-food commodities form/Questionnaire
This form indicates expenditure data on 11 groups of non-food items, and 5 sets of spending on services, in addition to a group of consumption expenditure. It also includes an estimate of self-consumption, and non-food gifts or other items in an in-kind form received or sent by the household, as well as servants living with the family spending on themselves from their own wages to buy non-food items.
(1) General Form/Questionnaire
This form includes:
- Housing characteristics such as geographic location variables, household area, building material predominant for external walls, type of tenure, monthly rent or lease, main source of water, lighting, heating and fuel cooking, sanitation type and water cycle, the number of rooms in the dwelling, in addition to providing ownership status of some home appliances and car.
- Characteristics of household members: This form focused on the social characteristics of the family members such as relation to the head of the family, gender, age and educational status and marital status. It also included economic characteristics such as economic activity, and the main occupation, employment status, and the labor sector. To the additions of questions about individual continued to stay with the family, in order to update the information at the end of each of the four rounds of the survey.
- Income section which included three parts
· Family ownership of assets
· Productive activities for the family
· Current income sources
(2) Expenditure on food commodities form/Questionnaire
This form indicates expenditure data on 17 consumption groups. Each group includes a number of food commodities, with the exception of the latter group, which was confined to some of the non-food goods and services because of their frequent spending pattern on daily basis like food commodities. For the purposes of the efficient use of results, expenditure data of the latter group was moved with the non-food commodities expenditure.
The form also includes estimated amounts of own-produced food items and those received as gifts or in an in-kind form, as well as servants living with the family spending on themselves from their own wages to buy food.
(3) Expenditure on non-food commodities form/Questionnaire
This form indicates expenditure data on 11 groups of non-food items, and 5 sets of spending on services, in addition to a group of consumption expenditure. It also includes an estimate of self-consumption, and non-food gifts or other items in an in-kind form received or sent by the household, as well as servants living with the family spending on themselves from their own wages to buy non-food items.
Data Processing
Data Editing
----> Raw Data
The data collection phase was then followed by the data processing stage accomplished through the following procedures:
1- Organizing forms/questionnaires
A compatible archive system, with the nature of the subsequent operations, was used to classify the forms according to different round throughout the year. This is to effectively enable extracting the forms when required for processing. A registry was prepared to indicate different stages of the process of data checking, coding and entry till forms are back to the archive system.
2- Data office checking
This phase is achieved concurrently with the data collection phase in the field, where questionnaires completed in the fieldwork are immediately sent to data office checking phase.
3- Data coding
A team was trained to work on the data coding phase, which in this survey is only limited to education specialization, profession and economic activity.
In this respect, international classifications were use, while for the rest of the questions, all coding were predefined during the design phase.
4- Data Entry/Validation
A team consisting of system analysts, programmers and data entry personnel were working on the data at this stage.
System analysts and programmers started by identifying the survey framework and questionnaire fields to help building computerized data entry forms, and required testing before using it. A set of validation rules were added to the entry form to ensure accuracy of data entered.
A team was then trained to complete the data entry process.
Forms prepared for data entry were provided by the archive department to ensure forms are correctly extracted and put back in the archive system.
A data validation process was run on the data to ensure the data entered is free of errors.
5- Results tabulation and dissemination
After the completion of all data processing operations, ORACLE was used to tabulate the survey final results. Those results were further checked using similar outputs from SPSS to ensure that tabulations produced are correct.
A check was also run on each table to guarantee consistency of figures presented, together with required editing for tables' titles and report formatting.
----> Harmonized Data
- The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format.
The data collection phase was then followed by the data processing stage accomplished through the following procedures:
1- Organizing forms/questionnaires
A compatible archive system, with the nature of the subsequent operations, was used to classify the forms according to different round throughout the year. This is to effectively enable extracting the forms when required for processing. A registry was prepared to indicate different stages of the process of data checking, coding and entry till forms are back to the archive system.
2- Data office checking
This phase is achieved concurrently with the data collection phase in the field, where questionnaires completed in the fieldwork are immediately sent to data office checking phase.
3- Data coding
A team was trained to work on the data coding phase, which in this survey is only limited to education specialization, profession and economic activity.
In this respect, international classifications were use, while for the rest of the questions, all coding were predefined during the design phase.
4- Data Entry/Validation
A team consisting of system analysts, programmers and data entry personnel were working on the data at this stage.
System analysts and programmers started by identifying the survey framework and questionnaire fields to help building computerized data entry forms, and required testing before using it. A set of validation rules were added to the entry form to ensure accuracy of data entered.
A team was then trained to complete the data entry process.
Forms prepared for data entry were provided by the archive department to ensure forms are correctly extracted and put back in the archive system.
A data validation process was run on the data to ensure the data entered is free of errors.
5- Results tabulation and dissemination
After the completion of all data processing operations, ORACLE was used to tabulate the survey final results. Those results were further checked using similar outputs from SPSS to ensure that tabulations produced are correct.
A check was also run on each table to guarantee consistency of figures presented, together with required editing for tables' titles and report formatting.
----> Harmonized Data
- The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
- The harmonization process starts with cleaning all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
- Cleaned data files are then all merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
- A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
- A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
- Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and converted to STATA format.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | ERF | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum (ERF) - 21 Al-Sad Al-Aaly St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt | erfdataportal@erf.org.eg | www.erf.org.eg |
Confidentiality
To access the micro data, researchers are required to register on the ERF website and comply with the data access agreement.
The data will be used only for scholarly research, or educational purposes. Users are prohibited from using data acquired from the Economic Research Forum in the pursuit of any commercial or private ventures.
Access conditions
Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions.
Citation requirements
The users should cite the Economic Research Forum and the Department of Statistics of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan as follows:
OAMDI, 2022. Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HEIS), http://erf.org.eg/data-portal/. Version 4.0 of Licensed Data Files; HEIS 2013 - Department of Statistics (DOS), The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
OAMDI, 2022. Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HEIS), http://erf.org.eg/data-portal/. Version 4.0 of Licensed Data Files; HEIS 2013 - Department of Statistics (DOS), The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Egypt: Economic Research Forum (ERF).
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Economic Research Forum and the Department of Statistics of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan have granted the researcher access to relevant data following exhaustive efforts to protect the confidentiality of individual data. The researcher is solely responsible for any analysis or conclusions drawn from available data.
Copyright
(c) 2017, Economic Research Forum | (c) 2013, Department of Statistics, The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
JOR_2013_HEIS_HD_V4.0
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Research Forum | ERF | Cleaning and harmonizing raw data received from the Statistical Agency |
Date of Metadata Production
2022-10
DDI Document version
Version 4.0